It has proven instrumental in the development of logic and modern science, and its logical rigor was not surpassed until the 19th century.Įuclid's Elements has been referred to as the most successful and influential textbook ever written. Elements is the oldest extant large-scale deductive treatment of mathematics. The books cover plane and solid Euclidean geometry, elementary number theory, and incommensurable lines. It is a collection of definitions, postulates, propositions ( theorems and constructions), and mathematical proofs of the propositions. The Elements ( Ancient Greek: Στοιχεῖον Stoikheîon) is a mathematical treatise consisting of 13 books attributed to the ancient Greek mathematician Euclid in Alexandria, Ptolemaic Egypt c.
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